Evidence / original sources

A claim should lead somewhere.

Follow the references behind Hospital Bench. Each entry explains its role, links to the original publication, and identifies the guides that use it.

Content updated September 28, 2026. Inclusion does not imply endorsement.

04

Hager, Jungmann, Holland et al.; Nature Medicine

Evaluation and mitigation of the limitations of large language models in clinical decision-making ↗

Original MIMIC-CDM study; historical models and restricted disease cohort.

Version: 4 July 2024

Evidence locator: Figure 3; Metrics and statistical analysis; Methods

www.nature.com